Machine for laying the soles of boots and shoes



Mar. 6, i923. 1,447,235

L. A. CASGRAIN MACHINE FOR LAYING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AND SHOES May. 6,1923. 1,447,235 l.. A. CASG RAI N MACHINE FOR LAYING THE SOLES OF BOOTSAND' SHOE`S Filed Aug. 5, 1917 5 sheets-sheet 2 2 422 705% FQSNVE/V70?.-

Mar. 6, 1923.

L. A. CASGRAN MACHINE EOE LAYING THE soLEs OE BooTs AND SHOES Flled Aug.5, 191'? 1 0 V, 113 u@ 1 f 3 sheets-sheet 5 @c DOC ooo oo ooooO (j K)Patented ar. 6, i923.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN, OF BEVERLY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNO, BY MESNE ASSIGN-MENTS, TO UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

MACHINE I'OR LAYING THE SOLES OF BOOTS AN'D SHOES.

Application led August 3, 1917. Serial No. 184,347.

To all whom it may cof/wem:

Be it known that I, LOUIS A. CAsoRAIN, a citizen of the United States,residin at Beverly, in the county of Essex and tate of Massachusetts,have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Laying the Soles ofBoots and Shoes, of which the following description, in connection withthe accompanying drawings, is a speclcation, like reference characterson thedrawings indicating like parts in the several figures.

This invention relates `to machines for use in the manufacture of bootsand shoes and more particularly to machines for use in laying the solesof boots and shoes. The general Object of the invention is to provide animproved sole laying machine by the use of which soles may uniformly belald. properly and quickly, which will produce work superior to thatobtainable heretofore, and which will materially reduce the cost ofso-le laying operations. The invention is illustrated as embodied in amachine especially designed for laying rubber soles on shoes of the typein the manufacture of which the rubber soles are laid While in anunvulcanized or green condition and are subsequently permanentlyattached by vulcanization, each of the soles being usually cut initiallyto final size and provided with a beveled edge for the purpose ofenabling the margin of the sole to be forced into adhesion to the sidesof the upper adjacent to the shoe bottom.

Heretofore, so far as is known, such soles have been uniformly laid byhand, the customary method of laying an unvulcanized rubber soleconsisting in positioning a sole upon a lasted shoe bottom and thenconforming the sole to the contour of the shoe bottom andforcing itsmarginal portion into adhesion to the sides of the shoe adjacent to itsbottom by the use of a relatively heavy hand rollerwhich the operatorworked back and forth over the sole until the entire surface was roller.

This method of laying rubber soles not only exceedingly laborious andslow but, even with the exercise of the greatest possible skill on thepart of the workman, it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, forexample, to treat all portions of the sole with suiiicient uniformity toprevent the formation of air pockets which later cause defectivevulcanization of the shoe. In practice it has been the common experiencethat a relatively large n'umber of shoes defective in this and otherways have been produced which'necessarily had to be disposed of at aserious loss to the manufacturers.

A particular object of the present inventlon is to provide a sole layingmachine especially adapted for laying unvulcanized rubber soles, by theuse of which such soles may be laid with precision and uniformity andwhich shall have the greatest possible output capacity consistent withsatisfactory work. It is to be understood, however, that, while theinvention is herein described with relation particularly to 'itsapplicability to use in laying unvulcanized rubber soles, the

invention is not intended to be limited thereby since it is appreciatedthat the invention as a Whole or various features thereof may have otherand different uses.

lVith these and other objects in view and in accordance with importantfeatures of the invention, the illustrated machine comprises a novelorganization of means for holding a shoe against pressure applied to thebottom of the shoe and means' for applying sole laying pressure to theshoe constructed and arranged to be rendered effective to apply pressureto the bottom of the shoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to theshoe bottom or to the edges of the shoe sole upon relative movement ofthe pressure applying means and the shoe holding means. In theillustrated embodiment of the invention, the pressure applying movementis effected by bodily movement of translation of a carrier for thepressure applying means relatively to the shoe supporting means.

The machine herein shown is especiallydesigned to force the marginalportion of a shoe sole into adhesion to the sides of the sh`fe 'adjacentto the shoe bottom while the sh ebottom is under sole laying pressure.Af' further important feature of the invention consists in aconstruction and arrangement of the pressure applying means such thatthe pressure applied to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the shoebottom is directed substantially perpendicularly to the sides of theshoe without any substantial component of force in the direction of theheight of the shoe, thus avoiding frictional drag upon the sides of theshoe. Practical experience has demonstrated that by the application ofpressure in this manner, either to the sides of a shoe or to theupstanding marginal edges of the shoe sole, an unvulcanized or greenrubber sole can be readily and expeditiously conformed to the shoewithout producing any objectionable distortion of the sole such as wouldimpair the wearing qualities of the shoe and also be detrimental to theappearance of the shoe. Moreover, such application of sole layingpressure, without impairing the usefulness of the organization fortreatment of shoes of other types, is particularly well adapted forforcing the sole margin and the "foxing which extends along the sides ofrubber soled shoes of certain types into proper adhesion, thus renderingseparate hand treatment of the foxing unnecessary, and at the same timeproperly overlapping the marginal edge of the rubber sole on the sidesof the upper adjacent to the shoe bottom.

Other noteworthy features of the invention reside in the constructionand arrangement of the pressure applying means. As shown, the pressureapplying means comprises a resilient and self-conforming mold providedwith a shoe bottom pressing surface approximately complemental to theshape of a shoe sole and provided with resilient side walls adapted tobe converged into pressure applying relation to the shoe.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, the illustratedmachine is organized to receive and position initially a shoe sole andto permit a lasted shoe to be placed in the mold with its bottomface'laid upon the sole and properly positioned relatively to the soleand to the pressure applying means without any preliminary location ofthe sole on the shoe bottom or temporary attachment thereto, thusnecessitating a prior manual operation. At the same time, the pressureapplying means may be used, if desired, to operate upon a shoe on whichthe sole has previously been positioned and to which it has beenpreliminarily attached;

To enable the operator to see what he is doing when assembling the soleand shoe, the jack employed for holding the shoe is automatically heldin a laterally displaced position during such assembly but is shifted toholding position above the pad before the machine operates to effect thelaying pressure, which operation of the machine occurs while the soleand shoe remain in the positions of first assemblyon the pad.

Further features of the invention consist inthe provision of abody offluid interposed between a fluid container and the pressure applyingmeans. As shown, the construction is such that the body of fluid is ofconstant volume, relative movement of the pressure 1applying means andthe shoe holding means causing the exible pressure applying means toapply pressure to the bottom of the shoe by pressure exerted through thefluid and to apply pressure'to the sides of the shoe adjacent to thebottom through bodily movement or displacement of the fluid.

Still other features of the invention consist in novel auxiliarypressure applying means provided especially to facilitate the operationof the machine upon shoes of relatively small sizes. y

Other objects and features of the invention Will be apparent from thefollowing description when considered in connection with theaccompanying drawings and the invention will be set forth in theappended claims. y

Fig. 1 of the drawings is an end elevation of a machine embodying oneform of the present invention.V

Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the pressure applying means, illustratingits operation upon a shoe.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation showin@ the twin sole laying mechanisms withwhici the machine is provided, one mechanism being shown partly insection.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of one of the pressure applying meansillustrating the work positioning means.

Fig. 5 is a perspective sectional view of one of the pressure applyingpads.

The illustrated machine is provided with twin mechanisms one of which isadapted to lay an unvulcanized rubber sole upon a right shoe and theother mechanism to lay a sole upon a left shoe. Both. sole layingmechanisms being substantially identical, only one mechanism will bedescribed in detail, the same reference characters being used todesignate similar parts of both mechanisms.

As shown, each solelaying mechanism comprises an upright frame 2 havingan overhanging head portion on which is mounted a shoe support or jackfor holding a shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe.This jack comprises a hollow arm 4 pivotally mounted at its upper endupon a shaft 6 in the head of the frame 2 and receiving a rod 8 theprojecting lower end of which carries a cross arm 10 extending lon--gitudinally of the machine and having a toe erative position away fromthe operator, as

indicated in full lines in Fig. 1. The jack is moved into the o erativeposition indicated by dotted lines, ig. 1, to hold the ,shoel againstsole laying pressure, by-

means of a treadle 24 which is fulcrumed 'pn a shaft 26 in the frame andhas its rear end connected at 27 by a rod 28 to one end 'of a lever 30fulcrumed on a shaft 32 in the head of the frame. The forward end of thelever 30 is arranged to engage a cam surface 34 provided on the back ofthe arm 4 directly below the shaft 6 to cause the arm 4 tobe swungforward into a substantially vertical position. A bolt 36 threadedthrough a lug 38 formed on the arm 4 serves as an adjustment todetermine the position of the jack to hold the shoe during theapplication of sole laying pressure. In laying unvulcanized rubber solesupon the lasted bottom of a shoe, it is extremely important that auniform sole laying pressure be applied to the shoe to conform the soleto the contour of the shoe bottom and to prevent air pockets from beingformed between the shoe bottom andthe sole which would later causedefective vulcanization of the shoe. Also it is essential in providing'a satisfactory machine for laying unvulcanized soles to cause the solelaying pressure vto be directed substantially perpendicularly to thetread surface of the sole, that is, substanally perpendicular to thebottom of the sole and to the adjacent side faces of the shoe, sincesuch soles, ordinarily extend over on to the side faces of the shoeadjacent tothe bottom and, being more or less plastic, are easilydistorted, thus detracting from the neat appearance of the shoe andpreventing proper attachment of the sole to the shoe. t

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the means for applyingsole laying pressure for laying the sole on the shoe, which means 'arehereinafter referred to as the pressure applying pad, is so formed andarranged as to apply a substantially perpendicular sole laying pressureto the bottom ofI the shoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to theshoe bottom when bodily movement of translation of a carrier for thepressure applying pad relatively to the jack is e'ected. As hereinshown, the pressure applying pad comprises a metal Afiuid container orchamber 40 of a suitable shape to receive a shoe and having an outwardlyprojecting iange 42 formed along its upper edge. This chamber is sealedby a sole receiving ad or mold-44 which is dis.- posed across t e top ofthe container and has its marginal edges clamped between the ange 42 ofthe container and a suitably walls 52v of the chine, this me iumcomprises -a body of shaped rim 46 which is secured to the flange. 42 yscrews 48 so located as not to pass through the margin of the pad ormold 44. Ahead formed on the under surface of the A rim 46 and(3o-operating with a similar bead` on the flange 42 Iserves further tosecure the mold 44 to the container 40. The sole engagingl pad ordiaphragm 44 herein shown consists of a resilient -elastic material suchas rubber andgit is formed and arranged to constitute'a conformablelshoe and snoe sole receiving mold or matrix of a normal shape topresent "a shoe bottom pressin surface 50 approximental to the contour-o the bottom of a shoe and having side walls 52 adapted to be convergedinto pressure applying relatibn to the side faces ofthe shoe adjacent tothe shoe bottom.

For the purpose of causing the mold 44 to be forced into exactconformation with the bottom `and the adjacent side faces of the shoeand to cause a uniform sole laying pressure to be exerted upon the shoewhen the pressure applying pad is moved bodily relatively to a shoe heldby the jack, the container 40 isrovided with a constant volume of a mobie or displaceable medium adapted to act upon the bottom 50 and side ad.In the illustrated mafluid, preferably of water, of a sufficientconstant volume to cause a'uniform translation of the pressure to be.exerted -upon the shoe engaging walls of the mold 44 to force the moldinto uniform sole laying pressure upon the shoe. This application ofpressure by the mobile body of- Huid is such as to cause the walls ofthe mold to exert a substantially1 perpendicular sole laying pressureupon all portions of the bottom and the side faces of the shoesubstantially simultaneously, this application of sole layin pressurepreventing distortion ofthe so e and also enabling the marginal portionof the sole to be rolled over on to the sides of the shoe with ing whichusually extends along the marginal side faces of the shoe the side walls52 are sloped outwardly from the shoe bottom pressing surface 50 of themold. These walls 52 are preferably so sloped with respect to theI shoebottom pressing surface 50 as to enable them to be Converged intopressure applying relation to the shoe after a substantial part of thesole laying pressure has been applied to the bottom of the shoe. IByreason of this arrangement the walls. 52 of the mold direct asubstantially. perpendicular pressure upon the sides of the shoe withoutany substantial component of force in the direction of the height of theshoe thus eliminating any frictional drag of the walls upon the sides ofthe shoe during the relative pressure applying movement between thepressure applying pad and the jack. Moreover, the side walls exert thenecessary pressure upon the foxing which ordinarily extends along themarginal sides of the shoe to force it into proper adhesion to the upperand thus render a separate hand treatment of the foxing unnecessary.

In the illustrated machine, the pressure applying'movement of the pad iseffected by a poweroperated pad carrier 56, the upper end of which isformed to provide a table 58 upon which the 'pad is detachably mountedby means oftap screws 60. AThis carrier is guided for verticalreciprocation by two pairs of links 62, 64, eacl pair being disposed oneither side of the carrier 56 and pivoted at their forward ends uponstuds 66, 68, respectively of the carrier and at their rear ends on astud and a shaft 72 respectively on the frame 2. The bodily verticalmovement of translation of the carrier 56 to establish a pressureapplying relation between` the pad and the shoe is effected by aneccentric cam 74 which engages a cam roll 78 provided on the lower endof the carrler. The cam 74 is loosely mounted on shaft 80 and isconnected thereto for a predetermined length of time by means of atreadle-controlled'one revolution clutch connection to the shaft 80 ofthe machine. The shaft 80 is continuously driven by a fast pulley 84 onthe main or driving shaft 72 which transmits power through the sprocket86 and a chain belt 88 to a much larger sprocket 90 fast on the shaft80. Therefore the speed of rotation of the lshaft 80 is determined bythat of the shaft 72 so that each complete rotation of the shaft 80 iseffected during a period of time controlled by that of the drivingmechanism. The illustrated one revolution clutch connection between theeccentric cam 74 and the cam shaft 80l includes a disk clutch member 92which is fast on the shaft 80 and located beside the cam 74, the diskbeing provided with two longitudinally extending slots 94. Pivotallymounted on one side of the eccentric cam 74 and at substantlally thehighest point in the cam throw is a spring actuated dog 96 which isadapted to engage either of the slots 94 in the disk 92, to causerotation ofthe eccentric with the disk. rIhe dog 96 had a laterallyprojecting lug 97 (Fig. 3) and is normally held out of engagement withthe slots 94 by an arm 9 8 fulcrumed on the shaft 26 and having itsupper end provided with an inclined rib 100 indicated by dotted lines inFig. 1, which rib is adapted to engage the lug 97 of the dog 96 tomaintain it inoperative. This arm 98 mames A spring 112 connected at oneend to the arm 106 of the treadle lever 24 and at its other end to astationary arm 114 on the frame 2 maintains the treadle in a raised orinoperative position.

It will thus be seen that the first part of the depression of thetreadle 24 causes the shoe holding means or jack 8 to be moved `intooperative or shoe holding position, due

to the connecting rod 28 and the lever 30, and further depression of thetreadle effects a single rotation of the eccentric cam 74 to cause thepawl 102 to move the arm 98 out of engagement with the dog 96 and allowit to engage one of the slots 94, thereby connecting the eccentric cam74 to the continuously rotating hub 92 to raise and lower the solelaying 4pad once relatively to the shoe held by the jack.

It has been found that in laying unvulcanized rubber soles upon a shoebottom it is not necessary to subject the sole to a sole laying pressurefor any length of time, but, on the contrary, to cause a substantiallyinstantaneous sole laying pressure to be applied to the shoe since thesole is of a character which is readily conformable to the shoe bottomand will adhere to the shoe as soon as brought in contact with the shoebottom. On the other hand, if the shoe is subjected to a sole layingpressure for any great length of time, the sole is liable to bedistorted.

For this reason such a structure as just described is employed. To`illustrate this, assume that the driving mechanism is so timed thattheshaft 80 is rotating at 30 R. P. M., then the period of time duringwhich sole laying pressure is exerted will be approximately one second.This is ordinarily suicient and the operator can not accidentally varyit. Hence'uniformity in the treatment of all the soles to be laid can bereliably secured because, like machinery in general, whatever isemployed to actuate the main shaft 72, will im art a known and constantspeed to said sha t. ,f

The illustrated sole laying machine ,/may be used in the manner usuallyemployed in laying soles by machinery, that is, first preliminarilypositioning the shoev sole on the lasted shoe bottom by hand and thenpresenting the assembled shoe to the machine for the sole layingoperation. In the contemplated use of the said 'illustrated machine, hoWever, the' lasted shoe and the sole Cal which is to be applied to theshoe are presented lto the machine without any prelimina positioning andtemporary attachment ofi-lie sole to the shoe, this being possible byreason of the novel pressure applying pad of this invention. Inaccordance with this use of the machine, the unvulcanized sole the uppersurface of which is preferably coated with a suitable cement is firstplaced in the sole shaped mold 44 or shoe sole receiving pocketconstituting` the pad and then the lasted shoe placed in the mold withthe lasted shoe bottom engaging the upper surface of the sole. Duringthis placing of the sole and the lasted shoe on the pad, the jackoccupies a laterall displaced position such as indicated by fu l linesin Fig. 1, vthe soleand-shoe-supporting surface of the pad beingtherefore exposed to enable the operator to watch his work and effectcorrect assembly of the parts which is important when said parts carryan adhesive. Then, Without movement of the shoe and sole from theirassembled positions on the pad. the jack swings over to the positionindicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1 and the laying'pressure begins. Themold thus receives the lasted shoe and the sole in a predeterminedrelation to thejack, and the walls of the matrix or mold relativelylocate the shoe and the sole with respect to each other for theapplication of sole laying pressure, thus eliminating the initial handoperation heretofore necessary.

In the event'that the shoe to be operated on is such as not to beaccurately locatedwith respect to the shoe bottom pressing surface andthe pressure applying walls of the pad to secure the best results threeshoe positioning `devices or gages are provided. These devices arepreferably locatedat the end of the shoe, the toe portion and the shankof the shoe respectively, the location of the devices relatively 'to ashoe corresponding approximately to the points on a shoe which have theleast variatlons over a given range of sizes of shoes. Each of thesegages comprises a narrow blade 116 which' is adjustably secured by meansof a slot and screw connection 117 to the forward e'nd of one arm of abracket 118 which is pivotally mounted on a pin 119 held in dependinglugs formed on the rim 46. A torsion spring 120 is connected to thebracket 118 and the frame so that in the normal inoperative position ofthe locating devices they are held in retracted position withdrawn fromthe mold 80 as shown in Fig. 3, a stop'arm'121 on the bracket engagingthe flange 42 of the container. The gages are projected into operativeposition in the mold 44 by' means of a foot treadle 122. In theoperative shoe locatin position of the gages, as sho'wn in dotted inesin Fig. 1, the lower ends of the blades 116 are located in the anglebetween in a uideway formed in the under side of the ta le 58 of the'carrier 56. The rod 124 carries a cross bar 126 upon which are mountedthree brackets 128 each containing a spring pressed plunger 130 forengaging a tail piece formed on each of the corres onding brackets 118.Upon'depression of t e foot treadle 122 the rod 124 carrying theplungers 130 is raised to tip the brackets 118 forwardly and project theblades 116 into s vertical position in the mold 44 where they serve asguldes for the shoe to locate it propt is contemplated that two moldsfor laying the soles on right shoes and two molds for laying the soleson leftshoes will take care of the range of sizes of shoes to beoperated upon. As herein illustrated, the pressure applying pad isadapted to receive the largest shoe of alpredetermined range of sizes ofshoes and in order to enable the soles of shoes of smaller sizes to belaid by the pad to the best advantage, an auxiliary pressure applyingheel pad is provided. This auxiliary pad consists of a heel shaped mat132 of resilient rubber material of substantially uniform thickness andhaving an upstanding wall 134 extending around theside and rear edges ofthe mat, as shown in Fig. 5. Owing to the fact that rubber soles are ofsubstantially greater thickness at the heel than at the shank andforepart of the sole, a. flat metal plate 136 is preferably embedded inthe mat or heel pad. This plate serves to reinforce the iioor of the pad132 and causes it to exert a substantially perpendicular and fiatpressure to the heel end of the sole Without distorting the sole. Theside walls 134 confine the edge of the heel end of the sole and operatelin a manner similar to the side Walls 52 of the mold to force themargin of the Sole over on to the sides of the shoeas the relativedisplacement of the liquid in the container causes the mold to be forcedinto conformation with the bottom and sides of the shoe. For the purposeof positioning the auxiliary pad 132 in the mold according to the sizeof the shoe to be operated upon and also to assist in maintaining shoesof smaller sizes nproperly positioned in the mold, the auxiliary pad isprovided with two pins 138 which may conveniently be formed on the metalplate 136 and project from the under side of the mat. These pins arereceived in suitable holes 140 provided in the Hoor 50 ofv the mold 44.These holes are formed in two staggered rows, as shown in Fig. 5 whichare 4slightly offset laterally at an angle to the median line of theshoe corresponding to the locatio-n in which the heel portions of shoesof .a range of sizes will fall when properly positioned in the mold.

In the use of the illustrated machine the operator first places in themold a sole which is to be laid, and then depresses the treadle 122 tocause the gages 116 to be projected into the mold. He then places alasted shoe upon the sole with the side and one end of the shoe incontact with the gages 116, the purpose of the gages being to facilitatethe p-roper location of the shoe upon the sole. Upon release of thetreadle 122, the gages 116 are retracted from the mold by the springs120. By locating the sole on the shoe through presentation of the shoeto the sole laying machine the necessityyof any preliminary location ofthe sole on the shoe by hand is eliminated. Moreover, the greateraccuracy by whichthis step is performed is `of co-nsiderable importancesince any misplaced or otherwise improperly located sole when rolledover on to the sides of the shoe is very noticeab-le and detrimental tothe neat appearance of the shoe. The operator next depresses the foottreadle 24. The first part of the movement of this treadle causes,through the rod 28 and lever 30,- the jack 4 to be moved forward aboutits pivot 6 into position for the toe post 12 and the heel block 14 toengage their respective portions of the last. Further depression of thetreadle causes the arm 106 of the treadle through the latch 102 to movethe arm 98 out of engagement with the spring actuated dog 96 on theeccentric and allow it to engage one of the slots 94 in the rotatingdisk 92, whereupon the eccentric is actuated to force the carrier 56carrying the pressure applying pad upwardly. The.A shoe in the mold 44immediately engages toe post 12 and heel member 14 of the jack and isprevented from further upward movement, while the resilient mold 44yields and allows the carrier and pad to continue its upward movement,This relative movement between the pressure applying pad and the shoecauses the surface 50 of the resilient mold 44 to conform to the contourof the botto-m face of the shoe and at the same timethe displacement ofthe water in the' container caused by the relative movement acts toexert a substantially uniform sole laying pressure upon the bottom ofthe shoe. After a substantial vpart of the movement of approach betweenthev pressure applying -pad and the shoe'has been effected, sufiicientwater is displaced to cause the side walls 52 of thefmold 44 to beconverged or forced into engagement with the sides of the shoe, asillustrated in Fig. 2 of the draw, ings, to apply a sole laying pressureto the sides of the shoe; This converging movemarges are, at all times,confined by the walls 52 of the mold. Owing to the equalizing characterof the medium acting upon the mold 44 to conform it to the exactconformation of the bottom and sides of the shoe, a substantiallperpendicular sole laying pressure is app ied to all portions of thesole. By rea- 'son of the fact that the side walls 52 of the mold arenot moved into engagement with the side faces of the shoe until asubstantial part of the relative vertical movement between the pad 44and the shoe is effected a substantially perpendicular pressure isapplied to the side face of the shoe without any substantial componentof force in the direction of the height of the shoe whereby any frictiondrag of the side walls upon the shoe is avoided. If the shoe beingoperated upon is provided with a foxing, as are a great many of theyulcanized shoes, this applica tion of a substantial perpendicularpressure is of extreme importance since otherwise the foxing of the shoewould be injured. Also the side pressure serves to force the foxing intoadhesion with the upper whereby a separate hand rolling of the foxing isnot necessary. A further advantage gained by causing vthe application ofSole laying pressure to be applied to the bottom of the shoe in advanceof the application of pressure u on the sides of the shoe to roll themarginal edge of thev sole, is that the possibility of air being trappedbetween the bottom of the shoe and the sole is. reduced to a minimum andconsequently amuch smaller percentage of seconds or defectivelyvulcanized shoes are produced. Any excess pressure which the shoe mightbe subject to, due to the varying heights of lasts of different sizes,is taken care of by the spring 28 provided in the jack 8. All of theabove described opera-tions are effected quickly, during the upwardmovement of the pad carrier. During the last half of the single'rotationo-f the eccentric cam 7 4 the carrier 56 and the pressure applying padare lowered and the jack returns to its inoperative position indicatedby dotted lines in Fig. 1, due to the action of spring'22.` No secondrotation ofthe cam can occur unless thevtreadle 24 is released Vandagain operated because, when the cam "74 andthe dog 96 -which ispivotally carried thereby, are approaching the end of the revolution,the lug 97 of the Ydog engages the lower inclined face of the rib 100 sothat, during the rest `of said revolution, the dog 96 is automaticallydisengaged from the rotating disk 92. lVhelrit is desired to lay thesoles of somew-hat smaller sizes than the mold was made to accommmlate.the auxiliary pad 13:2 is used. ln the use ot' this pad, it ispositioned on the floor of the mold by means of the pins 138 inaccordance with size of' the shoe to be operated upon and the sole andshoe. then placed in the mold in the manner above described. the heelend of the shoe fitting the auxiliary pad so that in the operation ofthe machine. the pad operates upon the shoe in substantially the sameman3 ner as the pad ll. the side walls 134 of the pad acting to confinethe edges of the heel portion of the sole to prevent distortion of thesole.

llaving thus described the invention. what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Letters latent of the United States is l. sole layingmachine comprising. in combination, means for holding a -shoe againstpressure applied to the bottom of the. shoe, pressure applying meansconstructed and arranged to be forced into pressing enga-gement with thebottom of the shoe and with the sides of the shoe. adjacent to thebottom, and means for forcing the pressure applying means into pressingengagement with the bottom of t-he shoe and with the sides of the shoeadjacent to the bottom by a relative movement of translation of thepressure applying means and the means for holding the shoe.

f2. A sole laying machine comprisine'. in combination. means for holdinga shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means formed and arranged to be forced into pressing relationto the -shoe bottom and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom,and .means for effecting movement of the pressure applying meansrelatively to the shoe holding means to establish said pressure applyingrelation between said pressure applying means and the shoe.

3. A sole laying machine comprising', in combination, means for holdinga shoe and sole pressing means formed and arranged to cause, in responseto relative bodily movement between it and the shoe holding means, asole laying pressure to be applied to the bottom of the shoe and to theside faces of the shoe adjacent to the bottom, and means for causingsuch relative movement.

4, A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, means for holding ashoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means construct-j ed and arranged to be caused to applypressure directed substantially perpendicularly to the bottom of theshoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom and means foreeeting relative movement ofthe pressure applying means and the shoeholding means to establish said pressure applying relation between thepressure applying means and the bottom and the sides of the shoe.adjacent to the bottom.

5. L sole laying` machine comprising, in combination, means for holdinga shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means having a shoeI bottom pressing surface. and anothersurface constructed and arranged to apply' pressure substantiallyperpendicularly to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the shoe bottomwithout any substantial component of force in the direction of theheight of the shoe.`and 'means for effecting relative-'movement of thepressure applying means and the shoe holding means to cause pressure tobe applied to the bottom of the shoe and to the sides of the shoeadjacent to the bottom.

6. In a sole laying machine. in combination. pressul'e applying .meanshaving a shoe bottom pressing surface and formed andarranged to applypressure to the sides of a shoe adjacent to the shoe bottom, saidpressure applying meansv being organized to apply pressure.perpendieularly to the sides of the shoe without any substantialfrictional drag lon the shoe upper, means for holding the shoe againstpressure applied to the shoe bottom, and means Jor effecting relativemovement of the pressure applying means and the means for holding theshoe to cause pressure to be applied to the bottom of the shoe and tothe sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

7. In a sole laying machine, pressure applying means comprising a shoebottom pressmg surface and surfaces normally shaped to apply pressure tothe sides of a shoe adjacent to the bottom organized to overlap themarginal edge portion of a sole upon the marginal portions of the. sidesof the shoe by pressure directed substantially perpendicularly to thesides of the shoe, means for holding the shoe against pressure appliedto the shoe bottom, and means for effecting relative movement of thepressure applying means and the means for holding the shoe to establishsaid pressure applying relation between the pressure applying means andthe bottom and sides lof the shoe'.

8. A sole laying machine comprising means for holding a shoe againstpressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressure applying means andmeans for effecting relative movement of the shoe holding means and thepressure applying means to cause pressure to be applied to the shoebottom, said pressure applying means being constructed and arranged tobe caused by said relative movement to apply pressure to the sides ofthe shoe adjacent to the'bot'tom while the bottom of the shoe is beingsubjected to pressure.

9. In a sole laying machine, pressure applying means having a shoebottom pressing surface of a shape approximately complemental to theshape of the sole ofI a shoe and having surfaces formed to applypressure to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the shoe bottom, means forholding the shoe against pressure applied to the shoe bottom, andand tothe marginal side faces of a shoe and means organized to force theI moldinto pressure applying relation to the bottom and to the adjacent sidefaces of the shoe.

11. A sole laying machine having, in combination, means for holding ashoe against pressure appliedl to the bottom of thevshoe,

pressure applying means comprising a mold having a shoe bottom pressingsurface nor mally substantially complemental to the shape of a shoe soleand having walls adapted to be forced into pressing engagement with thesides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom, and means for causing saidpressure applying means to apply pressure to the shoe bottom and thesides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

12. A sole laying machine having, in combination, means for holding ashoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means comprising a mold shaped to present a shoe bottompressing surface normally substantially complemental to the shape of ashoe sole and surfaces formed and arranged to overlap the marginal edgeportion of the sole upon the marginal portion of the sides of the shoeby pressure applied substantially perpendicularly to the sides of theshoe, and means for causing said pressure applying means to applypressure to the shoe bottom and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to thebottom.

13. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, means for holdinga shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means, means for effecting relative movement of the shoe.holdingmeans and the pressure applying means, and means renderedeffective by said relative movement to cause said pressure applyingmeans to apply pressure substantially perpendicular to the bottom of theshoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the shoe bottom.

14. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, means for holdinga shoe mamas against pressure ap lied to the bottom of the shoe,pressure app ying means, means for effecting relative movement `of theshoe holdingmeans and the pressure applying means and means renderedeffective upon the first part of said relative movement to cause saidpressure applying means to apply pressure to the shoe bottom and uponthe latter part of said relative movement to cause the pressure applyingmeans to apply pressure to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

15. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination,\ means for holdinga sh'oe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means comprisinga mold shaped to present a shoe bottom pressingsurface and side Walls adapted to apply pressure to the'sides of theshoe adjacent to the bottom, means for effecting relative movement ofthe shoe holding means and the pressure applying means, and meansassociated with said pressure applying means and rendered effective bysaid relative movement to cause the Walls of the mold to apply pressureto the side faces of the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

16. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, means for holdinga.. Shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means comprising a mold of a shape which is normallyapproximately complemental to the bottom and adjacent sides of a shoeand an incompressible medium acting on the mold to cause it to applypressure to the shoe bottom and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to thebottom.

17. A sole laying machine comprising` in combination, means for holdinga shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, pressureapplying means adapted to apply pressure to thebottom of a shoe andhaving a portion adapted to apply pressure to the sides of the shoeadjacent to the bottom, means for effecting relative movement of saidshoe holding means and said pressure applying means to cause pressure tobe applied to the shoe bottom, and an incompressible medium adapted tocausethe pressure applying means to apply pressure to the sides of theshoe adjacent to the bottom when the relative movement effects thealpplication of pressure to the bottom of the s oe.

18. A sole laying machine comprising` in combination, a shoe support, asole pressing pad having a conformable mold of a normal shape to presenta resilient presser Wall adjacent to the bottom and the side faces of ashoe, means for moving said pad toward the shoe support, and a mediumarranged to be caused to act upon the mold through the movement of thepad to cause the presser Wall to apply pressure to adjacent surfaces ofthe shoe.-

19. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination` means for holdinga shoe against pressure applied to the bottom of' the shoe, pressureapplying means comprising a conformable mold of a normal lshapecorresponding to the general contour of the bottom and the marginal sidefaces ot the shoe. means for effecting relative approaching movement ofthe shoe holding means and the pressure applying means, and anequalizing medium rendered effective by said relative movement toconform the mold to the exact conformation of the bottom ot' the shoeand the side faces of' the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

20. In a sole laying machine, in combination, pressure applying meansconstructed and arranged to apply pressure to the bottom of a shoe andto the sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom, a tiuid container, abody of' fluid interposed between said container and said pressureapplying means, and means for holding the shoe against pressure appliedto the shoe bottom.

21. In a sole laying machine, in combination, pressure applying meansconstructed and arranged to apply pressure to the bottom of a shoe andto the sides ot' the shoe adjacent to the bottom` a fluid container, abody of fluid of constant volume interposed between said container andsaid pressure applying means, and means for holding the shoe againstpressure applied to the shoe bottom.

22. A sole laying machine comprising.

pressure applying means having a shoe bottom pressing surfaceapproximately complemental to that of' the sole of a shoe and havingWalls of a normal shape to apply-pressure to the sides of the shoeadjacent to the shoe bottom, means for holding the shoe against pressureapplied to the shoe bottom, and means for operating said pressureapplying means to apply pressure to the bottom ot the shoe and to thesides of the shoe adjacent to the bottom, said operating means includinga fluid container and a body of fiuid of constant volume interposedbetween said container and said pressure applying means.

23. In a sole laying machine, the combination of a sole pressing padcomprising a container having a constant fluid content and a conformablemold having shoe engaging surfaces shaped approximately complemental tothe shape of the sole of a shoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent tothe shoe bottom, and mechanism constructed and arrangedto depress theshoe a predetermined amount into the pad.

24. A sole laying machine, having, in combination, means for holding ashoe against pressure applied to the shoe bottom, a fluid container, abody of fluid in said container,

and pressure applying means constructed and arranged to be forced intopressing engagement with the bottom of' the shoeupon relative movementot' the means for holding the shoe and the pressure applying means, saidvpressure applying means having surfaces adapted to be lforced intopressing engagement with the sides of the shoe adjacent to the bottomthrough bodily movement of the fluid effected by said relative movement.

25. In a sole laying machine, a pressure applying means comprising, incombination, a fiuid container, a body of' fluid of constant volume insaid container, and a conformable mold disposed in the container andshaped to present a shoe bottom pressing surface approximatelycomplemental to that of the sole of a shoe and having walls shaped toapply pressure to the sides of the shoe adjacent to the shoe bottom,said pressure applying means being constructed and arranged to cause theWalls of the mold to ap-v ply a pressure proportionate to the pressureapplied by the bottom pressing surface.

26. In a machine for laying the soles of shoes, pressure applying meanscomprising a fluid container, a body of Huid of' constant volume in saidcontainer and a conformable mold disposed in said container and having ashoe bottom pressing surface and Walls dsplaceable by fiuid lpressureinto pressure applying relation to the sides ot' the shoe adjacent tothe bottom, said organization being arranged to cause displacement ofthe walls of the mold to apply pressure to the sides of the shoe afterthe application ot' a part of' pressure to the bottom of the shoe isestablished.

27. A sole laying machine having, in combination, means for holding ashoe against pressure applied to the shoe bottom, pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold normally shaped to constitute a pocket toreceive the bottom of' a shoe and the sides of' a. shoe adjacent to thebottom, and means for causing said mold to apply pressure to the bottomof thel shoe and to the sides of' the shoe adjacent to the bottom.

28. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, means for h'oldinga shoe against pressure applied to the shoe bottom, a fiuid pressurechamber having a conformable shoe engaging member of a normal permanencyof' shape approximately complemental to the bottom and the side faces ofa shoe, and means for causing a fluid pressure to be exerted upontheshoe engaging member to apply sole laying pressure to the shoe. f

29. A sole laying machine comprising` in combination, means Jfor holdinga shoe against pressure applied'to the shoe bottom,

a Huid pressure chamber having its shoe enliti gaging surface shapednormally to maintain a shoe sole and' the shoe in position for roperpresentation With respect to t-he shoe iiolding means, and means forcausing a ffuid pressure to be exerted upon the shoe engaging member toapply sole laylng pressure to the shoe.

30. In a sole laying machine,'in combination, means for holding a shoeagainst pressure applied to the bottom of the means in the form of aresilient diaphragm formed normally to provide a pocket for a shoe sole,and means for locating a lasted shoe in predetermined relation to thesole in the sole receiving pocket of the pad.

3l. In a sole laying machine, in combination, means for holding a shoeagainst pressure applied to the bottom of the shoe, a

pressure applying pad in the form of' a resilient diaphragm formed toprovide a sole receiving pocket, manually controlled means forposltioning a. lasted shoe on the pad relatively to a sole located inthe pocket, and means for effecting an operation of said pressureapplying pad.

32. A sole laying machine having, in combination, pressure applyingmeans having a shoe bottom pressing surface and surfaces shaped to applypressure to the' sides of' a shoe adjacent to the shoe bottom and toef'- fect a relative positioning of a shoe vand a shoe sole to locatethe sole with relation to the bottom of the shoe, means for holding theshoe against said sole laying pressure, and means for effecting relativemovement of the pressure applying means and the means for holding theshoe to apply pressure to the bottom of the shoe andto the sides of theshoe adjacent to the bottom.

33. A sole laying machine having, in combination, pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold adapted to receive a lasted shoe and a shoesole, means associated with said mold for effecting a rela-tivepositioning of the shoe and the shoe sole to locate the sole withrelation to the bottom of the shoe, means for holding the shoe againstsole laying pressure, and means for effecting relative movement of thepressure applying means and the means for holding the shoe to apply solelaying pressure to the shoe.

34. A sole laying machine having, in combination, pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold for receiving a lasted shoe and a shoe sole,means adapted to be projected into said mold to effect a relativepositioning of the shoe and the sole preliminarily to the application ofsole laying pressure, means for holding the shoe against sole layingpressure, and means for effecting a relative movement of the pressureapplying means and the means for holding the shoe to apply sole layingpressure to the shoe.y

35. A sole laying machine having, in combination, pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold receiving a lasted shoe and a shoe sole, aplurality of gaging devices movable to effect a relative positioning ofthe shoe and the shoe sole, means for moving said devices intopositioning relation to the shoe and the shoe sole, means for holdingthe shoe against sole laying pressure, and means for effecting arelative movement of the pressure applying means and the means forholding the shoe to apply sole laying pressure to the shoe.

36. A sole laying machine having, in combination, a pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold for receiving a lasted shoe and a shoe sole, aplurality of gaging devices movable to effect a relative positioning ofthe shoe and the shoe sole in the mold, manually operated means forsimultaneously moving said devices into positioning relation to the shoeand the shoe sole, means for holding the shoe against sole layingpressure, and means for effecting a relative movement of the pressureapplying means and the means for holding the shoe to apply sole layingpressure to the shoe.

37. A sole laying machine having, in combination, pressure applyingmeans comprising a mold for receiving a lasted shoe and a shoe sole,means for effecting a relative positioning of the shoe and the shoe soleto locate the shoe sole with relation to the shoe bottom comprising aplurality of feelers adapted to be projected into the mold, manuallycontrolled means for operating said feelers, means for holding theshoeagainst sole laying pressure, and means for effecting a relativemovement of the pressure applying means and the means for holding tleshoe to apply sole laying pressure to the s oe.

38. A sole laying machine having, in combination, means for holding ashoe against sole laying pressure, a pressure applying pad formed andarranged to effect a relative positioning of the shoe and the shoe soleto locate the sole with relation to the bottom of the shoe, means forpositioning the shoe and the shoe sole relatively to the shoe holdingmeans, and means for effecting relative movement of the pressureapplying means and the means for holding the shoe to apply sole layingpressure t0 the shoe.

39. A sole laying machine having, in comative movement of the pressureapplying means and the means for holding the shoe to apply pressure tothe bottom of the shoe and to the sides of the shoe adjacent to thebottom.

40. In a sole laying machine, applying device for a sole laying machinecomprism a flexible mold having a bottom shaped su stantiallycomplemental to that of the bottom of a shoe and having side wallsadapted to apply pressure to the` sides of a shoe adjacent to thebottom,and a member located in the heel portion of the mold having a relativelyrm shoe bottom engaging portion and upstanding walls to engage the sidesof the shoe, said mold and member being provided with a plurality ofinterengaging connections to ermit the member to be adjusted into dierent positions in the mold.

4l. A machine of the class described, having, in combination, a flexibleelastic member adapted to support a shoe, a jack laterally movable intoand out of register with the elastic member, means for normall holdingthe jack in laterally displaced posltion out of register with theelastic member, and operator-controlled means for shifting the jack fromdisplaced position to a position in register with the elastic member andfor effecting movement of approach between the Vj ack and member whilethey are in register with each other.

42. A machine for laying unvulcanized rubber soles, having incombination, a flexible diaphragm, means for causin the diaphragm topress the sole against t e bottom of a shoe and to bend it up about thelower side walls of the shoe and a jack for supporting the shoe, saidjack being pivoted 1n such manner that it may be swung into and out ofregister with the diaphragm, a spring normally holding the jack out ofregister, and treadle controlled into register at the will of theoperator.

43. A machine of -the class described having, in combination, a flexiblepad including a flexible diaphragm having a surface for supporting anassembled sole and lasted shoe thereon, a shoe-holding jack laterallymovable to and from position above the pad, means for normally retainingthe jack in laterall displaced position, and operatorcontrol ed meansfor shifting the jack from displaced position to a pos1tion above the apressure diaphragm and for effecting relative movement of ap roachbetween the jack and diaphragm w ile the jack is above the diaphragm.

44. A sole laying machine having, in combination, a flexible padincluding a flexible diaphragm having a surface for supporting means formoving it thereof.

an assembled lsole and lasted shoe thereon, a shoe-holding jacklaterally movable to and from position above the pad, means for normallyretaining the jack in laterally dislaced position, and treadlecontrolled means or shifting the jack from displaced position to aposition above the diaphragm and for thereafter effecting vrelativemovement of approach between the diaphragm and jack.

45. A machine for pressing an unvulcanized sole against the bottom andlower side walls of a shoe, having in combination, an elastic diaphragmon which the sole of the shoe may be placed, a jack for supporting theshoe, guiding means adapted to contact with the sides of the shoe andwith respect to which the shoe is movable in a direction toward thediaphragm for facilitating the proper locating of the-shoe, and meansfor effecting relative movement of approach of the jack and diaphragmand for causing the diaphragm to press the sole a ainst the bottom.I ofthe shoe and to bend t e edge of the sole up around the lower side wallsof the shoe. l

46. A sole laying machine comprising, in combination, an upwardly facingelastic member adapted to permit assembling there-v on of a sole and alasted shoe, gaging means arranged to contact with the sides of the shoeto facilitate proper assembling of the shoe on the sole, a jack forsupporting the shoe, and means' for causing the elastic member to pressagainst the bottom of the shoe shoe on the sole, a jack for supportingthe shoe, and means including a substantially incompressible fluidmedium for causing the elastic member to press against the bottom of theshoe and to rise around the sides 48. A sole laying/machine comprisingan elastic diaphragm for contacting with the sole of a shoe, means forfacilitating the loeating of' a sole thereon in a predeterminedpositlon, means with respect to which the Y shoe is movable forfacilitating the location of a lasted shoe in proper position on thesole, means for supporting the shoe, and means for causing the diaphragmto press against the bottom and lower side Walls of the shoe.

In testimony whereof I have name to this specification.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN.

signed my

